subject area of Effective use of energy and water in rice-soil puddling Estimating percolation and lateral water flow on sloping land in rainfed lowland rice ecosystem Increasing water-use efficiency in rice production: farm-level perspectives Managed aquifer recharge in South India: What to expect from small percolation tanks in hard rock? Thermal characterization of a tropical rice soil in relation to puddling, flood-water depth and percolation rate Water use efficiency of flooded rice fields II. Percolation and seepage losses